Oil & Gas abbreviations/اختصارات نفت و گاز

Calliper: tool for checking casing in a well for deformation

CALM: Catenary Anchor Leg Mooring

Calorific value: Quantity of heat produced by complete combustion of a unit weight of a material

Cantilevered jack up: Jack up drilling unit where the drill rig is mounted on two cantilevers

CAPEX: Capital expenditure

Cap rock: A relatively impermeable rock, that forms a barrier or seal above and around reservoir rock

Casing: Large-diameter pipe lowered into an open hole and cemented in place

Catenary: The natural curve assumed by a chain or cable suspended between two points (e.g.an anchor chain)

cc: Cubic centimeter (cm3)

CBM: Coal bed Methane, natural gas extracted from coal

CCR: Central Control Room

CCS: Carbon Capture and Storage

Cellar deck: Deck beneath the working floor of a drilling rig or below the main deck of an offshore platform

Centipoise (cP): A unit of measurement for viscosity

Check valve: A mechanical device that permits fluid to flow or pressure to act in one direction only

Choke: Device incorporating an orifice that is used to control fluid flow rate or downstream system pressure

Christmas tree (Xmas Tree): The set of valves, spools and fittings connected to the top of a well to direct and control the flow of formation fluids from the well

Clastic Rock: Rock which has been formed from sediment of other rocks e.g. sandstone, shale, conglomerates, etc.

Cloud Point: The temperature at which a solution of a surfactant or glycol starts to form micelles (molecular agglomerates)

CNG: Compressed Natural Gas

Co2: Carbon dioxide

Coal Bed Methane (CBM): Natural gas extracted from coal beds

Coal Seam Gas (CSG): Natural gas extracted from coal beds

Concession: A grant extended by a government to permit a company to explore for and produce oil, gas or mineral resources in an area or block

Condensate: Low density, high API gravity liquid hydrocarbon phase that generally occurs in association with natural gas

Conductor casing: Generally the first string of casing in a well

Conductor pipe: The casing string that is usually put into the well first, particularly on land wells, to prevent the sides of the hole from caving into the wellbore

Coning: The change in oil-water contact or gas-oil contact profiles as a result of drawdown pressures during production

Continental shelf: The area at the edge of a continent from the shoreline to a depth of 200m, where the continental slope begins

Conventional: A reservoir in which buoyant forces keep hydrocarbons in place below a sealing caprock.

Core: To deepen the wellbore by way of collecting a cylindrical sample of rock

Coring: The process of cutting a vertical, cylindrical sample of the formations

Cp: Centipoise, A unit of measurement for viscosity (See Centipoise)

CPF: Central Processing Facility

CPU: Central Processing Unit

CRA: Corrosion Resistant Alloy

Cretaceous: Rock formed in the last period of the Mesozoic era, between the Jurassic and the Tertiary periods, during which chalk deposits were formed.

Crude Oil: A general term for unrefined petroleum or liquid petroleum

CSG: Coal Seam Gas. Natural gas extracted from coal beds

Cuttings: Small pieces of rock that break away due to the action of the bit teeth

Oil & Gas abbreviations/اختصارات نفت و گاز

Oil & Gas abbreviations

Abandonment: End of production, plug and abandon wells, dismantle and remove all material and equipment

Acidising: Treatment of reservoir with hydrochloric or hydrochloric acid to improve performance

AFC: Approved for construction

AFD: Approved for Design

AFE: Approved for Expenditure

AHV: Anchor Handling Vessel

Alkane: Any of a series of open-chain hydrocarbons having the general formula CnH2n+2, the most abundant of which is methane and butane

Alkane: Any of a series of aliphatic hydrocarbon with the general formula C2H2n such as ethylene, also known as olefins

Alluvial fan: Pattern of sedimentary deposit frequently laid down by streams or rivers which spread out into plains

Annulus: Space between two concentric objects such as between the wellbore and casing

Anoxic: Greatly deficient in oxygen

Anticline: An arch of stratified rock in which the layers bend downward in opposite directions from the crest

API: American Petroleum Institute

* API gravity: A measure of how heavy or light a petroleum liquid is compared to water. API gravity=141.5/(Specific Gravity)-131.5

Aromatics: Relating to an organic compound containing at least one benzene ring (C6 ring) or similar ring-shaped component. Notable for their distinctive, usually fragrant smell

Artificial lift: A process used on oil wells to increase pressure within the reservoir and encourage oil to the surface

Asphalt: Soild petroleum residue, similar to bitumen, tar and pitch

Associated gas: Gas produced as a byproduct of the production of crude oil

Bar: unit of pressure

Bara: bar,absolute pressure

Barg: bar,gauge pressue

Barrel:42 US Gallons

Bbl: Barrel

bbi/d: barrel of oil per day

bbi/MMscf: barrels per million standard cubic feet

bcf:billion cubic feet (109)

BH: Bottom Hole

BHA: Bottom Hole Assembly

BHP: Bottom Hole Pressure

Bit: the cutting/ boring element used in drilling wells, consisting of a cutting and a circulating element

Bitumen: Form of heavy, Soil petroleum. See Asphalt

Block: Subdivided areas for the purpose of licensing to a company for exploration or production rights

Blow down: Process of releasing pressure. Producing a gas cap after oil production has concluded

Blowout: Uncontrolled release of fluids from the well bore

Blowout preventer: See BOP

BOD: Basis of Design

BOE: Barrels of oil equivalent

BOP: Blowout preventer, arrangement of valves and rams installed at wellhead to prevent sudden escape of fluids from reservoir

Bopd: Barrels of oil per day

Borehole: refers to the face of the rock outside or below the casing

Bottom-hole: Deepest part of a well

Bottom-Hole Assembly (BHA): the lower part of the drill string. includes drill collars, stabilizers and other drilling components

Bottom-Hole Pressure (BHP): The pressure at the bottom of a well